Science and Technology

[Fox News] Is the East Coast on the brink of a major earthquake — and are we prepared?

The earthquake that struck the East Coast earlier this month was felt by an estimated 42 million people and luckily caused little damage, but what are the chances of a bigger, more powerful quake striking the area? And if it does, what could it look like — and are we prepared?

The April 5 phenomenon was a 4.8 magnitude earthquake centered near Whitehouse Station in New Jersey, which is about 40 miles west of New York City.

Shaking was felt from Washington D.C. to Maine, according to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), and it followed a much smaller, 1.7 magnitude earthquake in New York City on Jan. 2. 

Earthquakes are rare along the East Coast, with the most powerful one in the last 100 years hitting in August 2011, clocking 5.8 on the Richter scale. It was centered in Virginia and felt from Washington, D.C. to Boston.

4.8 MAGNITUDE EARTHQUAKE STRIKES NEW JERSEY, SHAKING BUILDINGS IN SURROUNDING STATES

Before that, an earthquake in South Carolina in 1886 is understood to have measured between 6.6 and 7.3 on the Richter scale. There is no definitive measurement of that quake since the Richter scale has only been around since the mid-1930s, but the tectonic shift still killed 60 people.

Professor John Ebel, a seismologist in the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences at Boston College, tells Fox News Digital that when quakes start breaking 5.0 on the Richter scale, damage begins to occur. 

For instance, the devastating earthquake that hit Turkey and Syria last year measured 7.8 and resulted in the death of nearly 62,000 people as tens of thousands of buildings were either destroyed or severely damaged.

California’s Loma Prieta earthquake in 1989, meanwhile, measured 6.9 and caused 69 deaths, and the 1994 Northridge earthquake in the Golden State clocked 6.7, killing 57 people. Thousands more were injured. 

“As you go above magnitude five, the shaking becomes stronger and the area over which the strong shaking is experienced becomes wider,” Ebel says. “So if you get a magnitude six, the shaking is ten times stronger than a magnitude five. So had this month’s earthquake been a 5.8, rather than a 4.8, then we would be looking at damage to unreinforced structures in the greater New York City area.”

“Now I have to qualify this and say that in the past few decades, New York City has had an earthquake provision in its building code while New Jersey, New York and Connecticut have all adopted some version of earthquake provisions in their building codes,” Ebel explained. “So modern buildings that are put up today will actually do quite well, even in strong earthquake shaking… If you have a magnitude 6 or even a magnitude seven.”

In terms of the Tri-state area, Ebel says that the region has had smaller earthquakes, but it’s been spared anything that’s been significantly damaging.

An 1884 quake in Brooklyn did cause limited damage and injuries. Seismologists estimated it would have measured in the region of 5.0 and 5.2, while a quake jolted Massachusetts in 1775 in the region of 6.0 and 6.3.

WHAT TO DO DURING AN EARTHQUAKE AND HOW TO PREPARE

“In 1884 there were things knocked from shelves, some cracks in walls that were reported, particularly plaster walls, which crack very easily if a building is shaken,” Ebel said. “There were some brick walls that had some cracks and people panicked because of the very strong shaking.”

A magnitude five earthquake hits the tri-state area once every 120 years, says Ebel, who penned the book “New England Earthquakes: The Surprising History of Seismic Activity in the Northeast.”

“The question is, can we have something bigger? And in my opinion, yes we can,” he said. “We can’t predict earthquakes, and we don’t know when the next one is going to occur, but we do have a low, not insignificant probability of a damaging earthquake at some point.”

Ebel said that the April 5 earthquake has left seismologists baffled since it didn’t occur on the Ramapo Fault zone, highlighting just how hard it is to predict the phenomenon from occurring. The Ramapo Fault zone is a series of small fault lines that runs through New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania. Spanning more than 185 miles, it was formed about 200 million years ago.

“Right now it’s a seismological mystery,” Ebel said. “We have some earthquakes in our region where we don’t have faults mapped. But that’s even true in California. Not every earthquake occurs on a known or mapped fault in California, so there are still a lot of seismologists have to learn about the exact relationship between old faults and modern earthquakes.”

Ebel noted that buildings aren’t the only thing to consider when earthquakes strike. In the California quakes, overpasses crumbled while the electrical grid can go down too, causing electrical surges and fires.  

Toxic chemicals were knocked off of the shelves of a chemistry building in 1989 and the building had to be evacuated, Ebel said. 

“And you think about hospitals and some industrial facilities having that situation,” he explained. “So you have these things that are not catastrophic necessarily, but are going to be a real problem.”

And an earthquake doesn’t necessarily have to rattle land in order to cause destruction.

A jolt out at sea could trigger a dangerous tsunami, like the one on the edge of the Grand Banks of Newfoundland in Canada in 1929. It was felt as far away as New York City.

Waves as high as 23 feet crashed on the shore, according to the International Tsunami Information Center, with up to 28 people losing their lives. 

“A tsunami is not necessarily a very high probability event, but it’s one that we have to think about also,” Ebel says in relation to the East Coast.

The Fukushima nuclear accident in 2011 was triggered by an earthquake and subsequent tsunami.

Ebel says a tsunami similar to 1929 could cause a storm surge along the lines of Hurricane Sandy in 2012, where 43 people died in New York City. 

“The threat of an earthquake is not as great as in California, but it’s something that we have to take into account and have emergency plans for and have building codes for,” Ebel says. “Our state and local emergency management agencies in all the northeastern states do earthquake planning — what we call tabletop exercises — where they pretend an earthquake occurs.”

“So those kinds of preparations are made on a regular basis,” he concludes. “Building codes are constantly being reevaluated and approved, not just for earthquakes, but for fires and chemical spills and all kinds of things. So we’re getting more prepared all the time.”

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Business

[Fox Business] Dave Ramsey reveals why it’s so ‘difficult’ to start a business today, which generation has the advantage

Small businesses are statistically the backbone of the American economy. But even personal finance guru Dave Ramsey points out that it’s a tough time to embark on an entrepreneurial journey.

“It’s emotionally difficult right now. It is very hard right now,” Ramsey told “The Big Money Show” co-host Brian Brenberg, Monday, at the EntreLeadership Summit in Dallas, Texas.

“And guess what? It always has been,” the Ramsey Solutions founder expanded. “If you were in the 70s, you had the Vietnam War, right? If you were in the 80s, you had inflation. You just name it, there’s always something telling you not to do it.”

Data from Forrester showed a surge of younger generations scooping up existing small businesses, with 64% of all buyers being born after 1980 as of February 2023. Despite the spike, Forbes reported this January that Boomers and Gen X still own the majority of U.S. small businesses, at a combined 87%.

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Last August, a poll of 50,000 American business owners showed only 4.5% of respondents were considering growing or expanding their business over the next year.

Ramsey reacted to the idea that aging and retiring owners may potentially be setting up a golden opportunity for a generational handoff.

“The millennials and Gen Zers are the buyers. And you’ve got a huge opportunity, possibly to start your own thing. You may not need to be a buyer, you may just want to start something from the ground up,” Ramsey told future business leaders. “So you kind of keep that in your back pocket while you’re doing the negotiation.”

“And for the boomers, hey, don’t be a control freak. Bless the next generation,” he continued. “Turn them loose. They’re capable. They can do it.”

Though previously showing some tough love to younger generations for their criticism of his money management tips, Ramsey admitted they’ve taken advantage of the “easiest” and “best” ways to get ahead in business.

“You’ve got YouTube and podcasting, and all of it’s free,” he said. “From an economic standpoint, you can come and go quickly, easily, you can iterate, you can change, and it’s all digital. You don’t have to throw it all in the dumpster if you did it wrong.”

With reportedly between 400 and 500 Gen Z employees at Ramsey Solutions, the financial firm’s patriarch shared words of encouragement for what he’s learned to be a “wonderful” workforce.

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“They’re wonderful because they’re very serious, and they’re very practical and tactical. They’re not head in the clouds, they’re not all dreamy. They’re like, ‘I want to get it done,’” Ramsey said of their attitudes.

His best advice for younger workers, though, is to go into mixed-collar trades – otherwise, they “can get a four-year degree in German polka history and be a barista.”

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Business

[Fox Business] 76% of buy now, pay later users said it helped improve their financial situation but beware of risks: survey

A growing number of consumers who use buy now, pay later (BNPL) services and are attracted to their ease of access, but they are at risk of becoming overextended, according to a recent survey. 

Over a third (34%) of respondents said they liked BNPL services because they allowed them to pay for purchases over time without paying interest, while 22% liked the option because it was easier to access than credit cards, according to the Achieve survey. Additionally, 76% said BNPL helped them improve their overall financial situation.

BNPL providers partner with retailers to allow shoppers to split the cost of their online purchases into multiple installments at checkout. Part of the appeal is that the installment payments, which typically begin within a few weeks of the purchase, are interest-free. Plus, the payment option requires no credit check or down payment, as in the case of credit cards or layaway.  

However, the survey said that BNPL is sometimes used by consumers with poor credit histories who are already debt-stressed. Moreover, 78% of respondents said that it is easy to get overextended using BNPL.

“Buy now, pay later isn’t an inherently flawed financial product,” Achieve Co-Founder and Co-CEO Brad Stroh said. “But like any form of credit, consumers must use it responsibly and only borrow what they can repay. Lenders must also be responsible and intentional about their borrowers and the potential for harm inherent in the BNPL product.”

BNPL is just one alternative to credit cards. If you need help funding a large purchase, a personal loan could be a good option for you. You can visit Credible to find your personalized interest rate without affecting your credit score.

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Missed BNPL payments can result in late fees and other penalties. Financially overextended consumers who used BNPL products showed more signs of debt stress—such as higher debt levels and lower credit scores—than those without, according to the survey. However, only 16% of respondents said they’ve incurred a late fee for missing a BNPL payment, and 20% said they’ve been charged interest on a BNPL transaction.

Additionally, a separate survey by BNPL provider Klarna said that consumers who relied on BNPL had better outcomes than traditional credit card users. Roughly 96% of Klarna’s U.S. BNPL customers paid early or on time, outperforming 41% of credit card users revolving monthly. In 2023, utilizing Klarna’s interest-free Pay in 4 option, 31% of customers paid bills early, 65% paid on time, and only 4% incurred late fees. Conversely, 41% of American credit card users carry month-to-month debt.

“We still see too many of the traditional banks and credit card companies pushing products on consumers with exorbitant interest rates, hidden fees, and revolving debt,” Klarna Chief Commercial Officer David Sykes said. “It is very clear that the traditional credit card model does not work in the favor of the vast majority of customers.”

If you have taken on debt through buy now, pay later and need help paying it down, a personal loan could help. Visit Credible to compare multiple personal loan lenders at once and choose the one with the best interest rate for you.

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More than half (56%) of the respondents in the Achieve survey said that keeping track of multiple BNPL transactions takes a lot of work. Keeping a running list of all outstanding BNPL transactions is one way to get ahead of managing your debt. 

Achieve recommends that consumers note each transaction, the name of the BNPL provider, the number of payments remaining, the payment amount and how payments are made. Consumers should also consider BNPL products like any other form of credit, spend within their limit and have a repayment plan in mind before they make large purchases. They should also opt for autopay to avoid late fees for missed payments. 

“Whenever possible, pay from a checking account rather than a credit card to avoid incurring interest charges for these purchases later on, just make sure you always have enough money in your account to cover the monthly payment to avoid overdrafting,” Achieve said.

If you are looking for alternative forms of credit to help fund a large purchase, you could consider using a personal loan. Visit Credible to make sure you’re getting the best rate and lender for your needs.

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Have a finance-related question, but don’t know who to ask? Email The Credible Money Expert at [email protected] and your question might be answered by Credible in our Money Expert column.

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